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News International brief ~ Togo interior minister wants "suicidal" elections delayed
International brief ~ Togo interior minister wants "suicidal" elections delayed
D. Wes Rist
April 22, 2005 11:55:00 am

Leading Friday's international brief, Togolese Interior Minister Francois Esso Boko told reporters late Thursday night that he was recommending that what he called the "suicidal electoral process" - the presidential election scheduled for Sunday - be postponed, warning that...

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News International brief ~ First UN troops arrive in Sudan
International brief ~ First UN troops arrive in Sudan
D. Wes Rist
April 21, 2005 01:32:00 pm

Leading Thursday's international brief, the first troops of the UN peacekeeping force assigned to Sudan arrived in Khartoum Thursday to prepare the way for the more than 10,000 troops to follow. The 44 peacekeepers that arrived in...

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News Legal challenge to UK postal voting system could delay May 5 elections
Legal challenge to UK postal voting system could delay May 5 elections
D. Wes Rist
April 20, 2005 10:18:00 am

A legal challenge to the UK postal voting system set for Thursday could delay the scheduled May 5 national elections . John Hemming, deputy leader of Birmingham city council, is filing the High...

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News Ecuador president refuses resignation in face of protests, impeachment threats
Ecuador president refuses resignation in face of protests, impeachment threats
D. Wes Rist
April 20, 2005 10:18:00 am

Ecuador President Lucio Gutierrez says he is not even considering resigning, despite massive civil unrest and threats of impeachment aimed at his administration. Gutierrez has faced increasing civilian protests against his government, especially since his announcement of...

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News Spain divided over pardons for Franco victims
Spain divided over pardons for Franco victims
D. Wes Rist
April 20, 2005 09:56:00 am

Political parties in Spain are in an uproar after the ruling Socialist Party Wednesday initiated a process for officially pardoning victims of former fascist Spanish dictator Generalissimo Francisco Franco Bahamonde . Franco signed orders for...

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News Iraq assembly wants US soldier prosecuted for mistreating lawmaker at checkpoint
Iraq assembly wants US soldier prosecuted for mistreating lawmaker at checkpoint
D. Wes Rist
April 20, 2005 09:36:00 am

The Iraqi Interim National Assembly Wednesday demanded prosecution of a US soldier and an apology from the American Embassy after representative Fattah al-Sheik tearfully described being handcuffed and humiliated at a US checkpoint. Al-Sheik, a...

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News Utah passes education bill challenging No Child Left Behind
Utah passes education bill challenging No Child Left Behind
D. Wes Rist
April 20, 2005 09:11:00 am

The Utah Legislature passed House Bill 1001 Tuesday directing state education officials to comply with state education goals before they consider the provisions of the federal No Child Left Behind legislation. Utah...

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News International brief ~ Annan flags Sudan threats if ICC acts against government
International brief ~ Annan flags Sudan threats if ICC acts against government
D. Wes Rist
April 19, 2005 10:11:00 am

Leading Tuesday's international brief, UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan has flagged and implicitly condemned threats from several high-ranking Sudanese officials warning that international personnel in the country may be at greater risk if the International Criminal Court [official...

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News Former Rwanda president begins appeal against incitement conviction
Former Rwanda president begins appeal against incitement conviction
D. Wes Rist
April 18, 2005 09:47:00 am

The first post-genocide president in Rwanda , Pasteur Bizimungu , begins his appeal process Monday before the Rwandan Supreme Court to challenge his convictions for inciting civil disobedience, associating with criminals and embezzling public funds. Bizimungu is...

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News Iraqi president would refuse to sign Saddam death sentence
Iraqi president would refuse to sign Saddam death sentence
D. Wes Rist
April 18, 2005 09:29:00 am

Recently elected Iraqi President Jalal Talabani said Monday that he would refuse to sign a death conviction for former Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein if he is convicted of war crimes. During a BBC television interview ...

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Peru dispatch: protesters demand new elections as death toll from political violence surges under newly sworn-in president

Peru dispatch: protesters demand new elections as death toll from political violence surges under newly sworn-in president

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THIS DAY @ LAW

Maurice Papon convicted of war crimes

On April 2, 1998, Maurice Papon was convicted of war crimes for his role in deporting French Jews to concentration camps during the Nazi occupation of France. Under German occupation, Papon served as the supervisor of the Service for Jewish Questions in Bordeaux from which he collaborated with the Nazi S.S. and oversaw the deportation of 1,560 Jewish men, women, and children to concentration camps.

Read an biography of Maurice Papon from the BBC.

Massachusetts enacted Vietnam antiwar bill

On April 2, 1970, the Governor of Massachusetts signed into law an anti-Vietnam War bill providing that no inhabitant of Massachusetts inducted into or serving in the armed forces "shall be required to serve" abroad in an armed hostility that had not been declared a war by Congress under Article I, Section 8, clause 11 of the United States Constitution.

Supporters of the legislation hoped that the US Supreme Court would seize on the obvious conflict that the bill created between state and federal law and would rule on the constitutionality of the Vietnam War itself, but the Court refused to exercise original jurisdiction, forcing the case into the lower federal courts. See Anthony D'Amato, Massachusetts In The Federal Courts: The Constitutionality Of The Vietnam War [PDF], 4 Journal of Law Reform (1970).

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