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News British Royal Navy promotes gay and lesbian rights
British Royal Navy promotes gay and lesbian rights
D. Wes Rist
February 21, 2005 08:30:00 am

The Royal Navy has become the first branch of the British Armed Forces to actively promote the protection of the civil rights of its homosexual and bisexual members. Navy officials signed the Diversity Champions Programme ...

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News Israel releases Palestinian prisoners
Israel releases Palestinian prisoners
D. Wes Rist
February 21, 2005 08:15:00 am

Israel released 500 prisoners Monday in a 'goodwill gesture' that was first proposed at the Sharm al-Sheikh summit held nearly two weeks ago and was approved by the Israeli parliament last Sunday. The 500 prisoners are the...

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News Togo president agrees to elections
Togo president agrees to elections
D. Wes Rist
February 19, 2005 08:17:00 am

Togolese President Faure Gnassingbe announced Friday that he will be holding elections as required by the original Togolese constitution. Faure had been placed in power by Togo's military and had had the constitution changed to...

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News US official says US knew of problems in UN Oil-for-Food program
US official says US knew of problems in UN Oil-for-Food program
D. Wes Rist
February 16, 2005 10:45:00 am

US Deputy Ambassador to the United Nations Patrick Kennedy told a Senate committee Tuesday that US officials knew of problems in the Iraq Oil-for-Food Program but chose to remain silent. Kennedy said the officials were...

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News EU to enforce tough airline passenger rights legislation
EU to enforce tough airline passenger rights legislation
D. Wes Rist
February 16, 2005 09:58:00 am

New rules on passenger rights taking effect Thursday in the European Union will require airlines to compensate travellers for cancellations, delays, and denial of seats, even when the cause is an event normally considered outside the control...

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News UK appeals court rejects challenge to fox hunting ban
UK appeals court rejects challenge to fox hunting ban
D. Wes Rist
February 16, 2005 09:30:00 am

The Court of Appeal in London Wednesday rejected a legal challenge from the pro-hunting Countryside Alliance arguing that the Hunting Act 2004 was invalid because the Parliament Act 1949 used to force it through the House of...

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News Togo military agrees to restore constitutional order
Togo military agrees to restore constitutional order
D. Wes Rist
February 16, 2005 09:10:00 am

Togolese Army General Seyi Memene has agreed to "return the country to constitutional order" following talks held Tuesday between Togo and ECOWAS representatives. Nigerian Foreign Minister Aichatou Mindaoudou said the talks...

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News International brief ~ US submits Sudan peacekeeping resolution to Security Council
International brief ~ US submits Sudan peacekeeping resolution to Security Council
D. Wes Rist
February 15, 2005 01:15:00 pm

In Tuesday's international brief, Deputy US Ambassador to the UN Stuart Holliday introduced a draft resolution to the UN Security Council on Monday proposing the creation of a 10,000 member peacekeeping force to be deployed...

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News Milosevic told to pick up the pace as trial resumes
Milosevic told to pick up the pace as trial resumes
D. Wes Rist
February 14, 2005 09:45:00 am

Judges of the UN International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugolsavia told former Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic Monday to move more quickly in conducting his defense against charges of genocide and war crimes. Milosevic has...

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News Ex-intel official claims Australia covered up involvement in Iraqi interrogations
Ex-intel official claims Australia covered up involvement in Iraqi interrogations
D. Wes Rist
February 14, 2005 09:18:00 am

A former weapons inspector and senior employee of Australia's Defense Intelligence Organisation said Monday in a television interview that the Australian government has been covering up its involvement in the interrogation of prisoners in Iraq....

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Peru dispatch: protesters demand new elections as death toll from political violence surges under newly sworn-in president

Peru dispatch: protesters demand new elections as death toll from political violence surges under newly sworn-in president

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THIS DAY @ LAW

Maurice Papon convicted of war crimes

On April 2, 1998, Maurice Papon was convicted of war crimes for his role in deporting French Jews to concentration camps during the Nazi occupation of France. Under German occupation, Papon served as the supervisor of the Service for Jewish Questions in Bordeaux from which he collaborated with the Nazi S.S. and oversaw the deportation of 1,560 Jewish men, women, and children to concentration camps.

Read an biography of Maurice Papon from the BBC.

Massachusetts enacted Vietnam antiwar bill

On April 2, 1970, the Governor of Massachusetts signed into law an anti-Vietnam War bill providing that no inhabitant of Massachusetts inducted into or serving in the armed forces "shall be required to serve" abroad in an armed hostility that had not been declared a war by Congress under Article I, Section 8, clause 11 of the United States Constitution.

Supporters of the legislation hoped that the US Supreme Court would seize on the obvious conflict that the bill created between state and federal law and would rule on the constitutionality of the Vietnam War itself, but the Court refused to exercise original jurisdiction, forcing the case into the lower federal courts. See Anthony D'Amato, Massachusetts In The Federal Courts: The Constitutionality Of The Vietnam War [PDF], 4 Journal of Law Reform (1970).

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