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Background
font size='3'>The conflict in Libya arose out of protests beginning February 15, 2011, in the eastern city of Benghazi. The protest came as part of a wider protest movement, popularly referred to as the Arab Spring, that spread throughout the Middle (More) |
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Introduction
The Egyptian Revolution was one of the most prominent in a wave of protests that swept the Middle East beginning in early 2011. While many countries, including Bahrain, Yemen and Syria also experienced social reverberations that emanated from Tunisia (More) |
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Peaceful Protests and Crackdowns in Syria
Protests in Syria began as candlelight vigils in early February 2011, a sympathetic response to the escalating rebellion in Egypt. HRW released the first reports of violence against demonstrators on February 9, 2011, and stated that Syrian activists (More) |
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Bahrain protesters jailed for entering heavily guarded area
A Bahrain court on Thursday sentenced 29 protesters to one month in prison for entering Pearl Square, an area that has been heavily fortified since the Bahrain uprising. The area was once the center of opposition activity. Opposition leaders have (More) |
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Bahrain court acquits police officers of torture charges
A Bahraini high criminal court on Monday acquitted two police officers on trial for the torture of six Shiite doctors during the uprising against the Sunni regime in 2011. The Grand Criminal Court's Third Chamber acquitted the two officers of all ch (More) |
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Rights group urges EU to condemn Saudi Arabia's crackdown on Internet protesters
Human Rights Watch (HRW) urged European Union's High Representative Catherine Ashton and other EU member states' representatives to condemn Saudi Arabia for recently convicting seven governmental critics of inciting protests through Facebook. T (More) |
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Bahrain court sentences protesters up to 15 years
A Bahrain court on Monday issued sentences to three protesters for allegedly taking part in anti-government protests as well as attempting to kill a police officer. The crimes were committed during an attack on police in the Shiite village of Manam (More) |
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Bahrain court jails 6 for insulting tweets
A court in Bahrain sentenced six individuals to a year in prison on Wednesday for insulting King Hamad via Twitter . Since the nation's pro-democracy protests in Manama that began in February 2011, activists have used the social media site to repor (More) |
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Bahrain court sentences protesters to 15 years
A Bahrain court on Sunday issued 15 year prison sentences to 31 protesters for their role in firebomb attacks as part of anti-government protests, according to a defense lawyer. The sentence came after the protesters were arrested in March and char (More) |
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UK sued over exported surveillance technology
UK-based rights group Privacy International said Tuesday that it is suing the British government for refusing to divulge information concerning surveillance equipment sold by Gamma International . Gamma International is a software company whose Fin (More) |
Congress recognized Pledge of Allegiance
On December 28, 1945, Congress officially recognized the Pledge of Allegiance and encouraged its recitation in schools.
The Pledge was supposedly written in 1892 by Francis Bellamy, a Baptist minister, to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Columbus Day. The words “under God” were added by Congress in 1954. The revised version of the Pledge was more recently the subject of litigation before the United States Supreme Court originally brought by Michael Newdow, a parent who unsuccessfully objected to his daughter's school district policy requiring daily recitation of the Pledge. The court ruled that Newdow had no standing. The Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life offers more Pledge of Allegiance resources.
